An Overview of Khawrazamshahian Dynasty Based on History of Genealogy and Contemporaries Research

Abstract

Kharizm, known as the Khiva, is located between the Caspian Sea and the Aral Sea, in the west of Uzbekistan today. All the rulers who were at the head of the Kharizmshah’s were known as Kharizmshah. According to the basic sources of the period and the records in modern research, it is seen that three dynasties under the name of Kharizmshah ruled in the Kharizm region of Turkistan.  The first dynasty that ruled the region is the Al-i Afrigh, starting from the Persian Empire and maintaining its existence until 995.  The two dynasties that ruled in the region are the Mamunîs, who ruled the region between 995-1017. It is the son’s of Altintash people who dominate the Kharizm and who are affiliated with the Ghaznavids. Kharizm and son’s of Altıntash came under the rule of the Seljuks under the leadership of Sultan Tughril after the Dandanaqan War in 1040.

Sultan Alp Arslan gave the region to his son Ayaz after the Mangishlaq expedition in 1065. However, in 1066, it was handed over to local governors during the reigns of Sultan Alparsalan and Malikshah. After a while, Malikshah left his own Tashdar Anush Tagin Garchai (Karajaî) with the administration of the region, to collect the collection. Anuş Tegin was officially in charge of the region although, it was administered by Kharizmshah Ekinci, one of the Kıpçak Turks. Meanwhile, when the struggle for the throne broke out in the Seljuk State, Kharizmshah Ekinci set out to Khorasan with his ten thousand cavalry upon the invitation of Sultan Barkyaruq. But when Kharizmshah Ekinci came to Marv in 1097, he was killed by two powerful emirs of the period, Kodan and Yaruktash, and his forces were dispersed. Upon this, Sultan Barkyaruq sent Khorasan Governor Habash Ibn Altuntak after the murderers of Kharizmshah Ekinci. Habash Ibn Altuntak successfully fulfilled the order of Sultan Barkyaruq and appointed Qutbuddin Mohammad, son of Tashdar Anush Tagin, as the governor of Kharizm. Thus, in 1097, the Kharizmshah dynasty was revived again. Qutbuddin Mohammad was the first to rule the region on behalf of the Seljuks. Although there is no doubt that Anush Tagin, who was the ancestor of the Khwarazmian dynasty, which ruled until 1220, was a Turk, it is not known to which Turkish tribe he belongs. Although there is no doubt that Anuş Tegin, who was the ancestor of the Hârizmşahlar dynasty, which ruled the Islamic world until the Mongol invasion in 1220, is a Turk, it is not known to which Turkish tribe he belongs.